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qchu.wordpress.com | ||
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dominiczypen.wordpress.com
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| | | | | Let $latex \omega$ denote the first infinite cardinal - that is, the set of non-negative integers. Let $latex p_0 = 2$ be the smallest prime number, and let $latex (p_n)_{n\in\omega}$ enumerate all prime numbers in ascending order. Let $latex \mathcal{U}$ be a free ultrafilter on $latex \omega$. We consider the field $latex F = \big(\prod_{n\in\omega}\mathbb{Z}/p_n\mathbb{Z}\big)/{\mathcal... | |
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xorshammer.com
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| | | | | Nonstandard Analysis is usually used to introduce infinitesimals into the real numbers in an attempt to make arguments in analysis more intuitive. The idea is that you construct a superset $latex \mathbb{R}^*$ which contains the reals and also some infinitesimals, prove that some statement holds of $latex \mathbb{R}^*$, and then use a general "transfer principle"... | |
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www.jeremykun.com
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| | | | | So far on this blog we've given some introductory notes on a few kinds of algebraic structures in mathematics (most notably groups and rings, but also monoids). Fields are the next natural step in the progression. If the reader is comfortable with rings, then a field is extremely simple to describe: they're just commutative rings with 0 and 1, where every nonzero element has a multiplicative inverse. We'll give a list of all of the properties that go into this "simple" definition in a moment, but an even more simple way to describe a field is as a place where "arithmetic makes sense. | |
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www.jeremykun.com
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| | | When addressing the question of what it means for an algorithm to learn, one can imagine many different models, and there are quite a few. This invariably raises the question of which models are "the same" and which are "different," along with a precise description of how we're comparing models. We've seen one learning model so far, called Probably Approximately Correct (PAC), which espouses the following answer to the learning question: | ||
