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jeremykun.wordpress.com
| | eklausmeier.goip.de
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| | [AI summary] This article explains the mathematical method of diagonalization, using Cantor's proof of uncountability and Turing's halting problem as primary examples.
| | www.forwardscattering.org
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| | [AI summary] Nicholas Chapman proves that it is decidable to find the fastest Turing machine for computing functions defined on a finite domain by limiting the search space to machines with a finite number of states based on a reference solution's runtime.
| | www.jeremykun.com
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| | Decidability Versus Efficiency In the early days of computing theory, the important questions were primarily about decidability. What sorts of problems are beyond the power of a Turing machine to solve? As we saw in our last primer on Turing machines, the halting problem is such an example: it can never be solved a finite amount of time by a Turing machine. However, more recently (in the past half-century) the focus of computing theory has shifted away from possibility in favor of determining feasibility.
| | scottaaronson.blog
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| So, Part II of my two-part series for American Scientist magazine about how to recognize random numbers is now out. This part---whose original title was the one above, but was changed to "Quantum Randomness" to fit the allotted space---is all about quantum mechanics and the Bell inequality, and their use in generating "Einstein-certified random numbers."