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www.jci.org
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www.jci.org
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www.frontiersin.org
Iron is a critical element for living cells in terrestrial life. Although iron metabolism is strictly controlled in the body, disturbance of iron homeostasis under certain type of condition leads to innate and adaptive immune response. In innate immunity, iron regulates macrophage polarizations, neutrophils recruitment, and NK cells activity. In adaptive immunity, iron had an effect on the activation and differentiation of Th1, Th2, and Th17 and CTL, and antibody response in B cells. In this review, we focused on iron and immune regulation and listed the specific role of iron in macrophage polarization, T-cell activation, and B-cells antibody response. In addition, correlations between iron and several diseases such as cancer and aging degenerative diseases ... |
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www.health.harvard.edu
Wondering how many grams of protein to have per day? The answer may surprise you. Discover the recommended daily protein intake and how to calculate it here. |
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